Improvement in brick-kilns



BRICK-KILN.

Patented Nov.9, 1875.

H. B. EVANS & E; G. KEMPER.

P T NT-"or fice HOLLAND B.,EvAns*A-1 -m EARNEsTe. KEMBER, or ,sr.CHARLES, Mo.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 169,684, dated November9, 1875; application filed July 3, 11515.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HOLLAND B. EVANS and EARNEST G. KEMPER, of- St.Charles, in the county of St. Charles and State of Missouri, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Brick-Kilns, of which thefollowing is a specification:

Figure 1 is .a top view of our improved brick-kiln; and Fig. 2 is avertical cross-section of the same, taken through the line at a, Fig. 1.I

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. 7

The invention relates to the construction and arrangement of the severalcompartments of the kiln and their dues, as hereinafter de scribed. r p

A represents the lower or main part of the kiln, the walls of which arebuilt of burnt bricks, in theusual way, except that they have one ormore offsets built in their outer parts to receive the brace 13. Thebraces B are formed of planks framed to each other at the corners of thekiln. The corners of the braces B are strengthened by iron angleplates1), securely bolted to said planks. The

braces B are strengthened at each side of the kiln by one or moreanchors, O, the bolts 0 of which pass through the walls of the kiln andthrough the said braces, as shown in Fig. 2.

The kiln A may also be strengthened by inclined props extending from thebraces B to the ground, but which are not shown in. the drawing. Theinterior of the kiln A is then built up with unburnt bricks, in theusual way, with spaces between them for the passage of the products ofcombustion, and with spaces in the lower part torecewe the fuel.

D is a compartment which is of less diameter than the main kiln A, andis formed wholly of unburnt bricks, except the outer walls, which may beformed of burnt or unburnt bricks, and the top, whichis formed of burntbricks, the bricks in the outer course or walls being laid close, andthe inner part being built with spaces between the bricks, for thepassage of the products of combustion. E is a compartment of smallerdiameter than the compartment D, and also built wholly of unburntbricks, except the outer walls, which may be formed of burnt or unburntbricks,

and the top, which is formed of burnt bricks, the bricks in the outercourses or wall being laid close, and the interior being built withspaces between the bricks for the passage of the products of combustion,which spaces should be a little larger than in the other parts of thekiln, to increase the draft and adapt the said compartments to serve asa stack.

More than two compartments, D E, may be used, if desired, and the lowerone, or all of them, may be strengthened with bracesB, as hereindescribed.

The top course, or the two top courses, of the compartment E of thecompartment D outside of the compartment E, and of the main kiln Aoutside of the compartment D, are formed of burnt bricks, which are laidclose, and are covered with a layer, F, of clay, cement, or mud, or amixture of two or more of them, prepared as if for being molded intobricks. This layer F is then covered with a layer, G, of dry sand. Bythis means, should Y the heat crack the layer F of clay, the sand G willdrop into the fissure and close it, so that the heat cannot escape.

In the top of the main kiln A, outside of the compartment D, in the topof the compartment D, outside of the compartment E, and in the center ofthe top of the compartment E, are formed flues H, which may extend downthrough the space of one, two, or more courses, to prevent the heat frombeing drawnoff from thetop parts of said kiln and compartments toorapidly for the top bricks to be properly burned.

The flues H may rise above the tops of the kiln and compartments, andare provided with sliding or pivoted covers I, so that, by opening andclosing the said covers,jthe heat may be readily controlled and directedto or withdrawn from any desired part of the kiln.

By'this construction as many more bricks as are contained in thecompartments D E can be burned with the same or less amount of fuel thanwith a kiln of the same dimensions constructed in the old way.

- Having thus described our invention, we slides I, as shown anddescribed, for the pmclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters posespecified. i hricickiln the combination of main HOLLAND EVANS and topeomp artrnents A D E, the same be- EARNEST KEMPER' in g graduated insize, and the fines H formed I Witnesses; p

in the ledges or-liorizontal top portion of each JAMES F. EDWARDS,

of said' compartments, and provided with JACOB KIBLER, Jr.

